Lumosity’s Human Cognition Project

A collaborative effort to accelerate cognitive research

About HCP

Lumosity’s Human Cognition Project (HCP) is an online platform designed to facilitate more efficient and comprehensive studies of human cognition and cognitive training. Ultimately, our mission is to create and validate training tools that aim to improve core cognitive abilities and assessment tools to measure cognitive performance, advance the pace of cognitive science research, and expand the understanding of the human brain.

If you are interested in using the Lumosity program in your university- or industry-based research, we invite you to apply to the HCP. As a collaborator, you will gain free access to Lumosity’s online platform of cognitive training tasks, assessments, surveys, and in certain cases, limited access to select portions of Lumosity’s data on cognitive task performance. Other specific support includes guidance on study design, data analysis, secure data storage, and regular delivery of de-identified data.

Tools for Research Collaborators

 

Researcher Ecosystem

University-based researchers, industry partners, educators, clinicians, and study volunteers have joined the HCP network to understand and explore human cognitive abilities. We work with collaborators on a wide variety of projects. Research areas include: brain injuries and rehabilitation, chronic conditions, diseases and disorders, data science projects, education and learning, exercise and athletics, and cognitive change in healthy adults.

 

Cognitive Training

Lumosity’s cognitive training program consists of daily, game-based training sessions. Generally speaking, the more training an individual does, the larger the expected gains. Training exposes each user to gradually increasing levels of challenges, adapting task difficulty to individual abilities. Training activities are based on a combination of common neuropsychological and cognitive tasks, many of which have been used in research for decades, and new tasks designed by Lumosity scientists.

 

Assessments

The NeuroCognitive Performance Test (NCPT) is a brief, repeatable, modular, online neuropsychological assessment platform designed by Lumos Labs that includes 17 subtests that can be combined into customizable test batteries. NCPT subtests are based on well-known neuropsychological assessments. The NCPT is sensitive to within-individual changes in performance, which makes it a useful outcome measure for studies that follow the traditional pre- and post- test framework:

Key qualities:

  • NCPT subtests are distinct from Lumosity games

  • 17 available subtests that assess memory, processing speed, problem solving, attention, cognitive flexibility

  • Optimized for unsupervised administration

  • Measures of validity and reliability (publication pending)

  • Brief (as quick as 15-20 minutes, depending on choice of assessments)

  • Customizable for various research purposes

The NCPT is designed to be self-administered through a web browser, enabling researchers to investigate cognitive performance in large numbers of subjects without needing to bring everyone into the lab.

 

Data Access

If accepted into the HCP, research collaborators can gain access to anonymous subsets of cognitive task performance data, which contain a large number of data points over years of training.

 

Through the HCP, collaborators can create and administer their own online surveys to participants as part of their studies.

Surveys

Research Areas

Our collaborators represent a diverse range of research areas, including Education & Learning, Brain Injuries & Rehabilitation, and Data Science Projects.

Ongoing projects fall into the following research topics:

  • Brain Injuries

  • Chronic Disease

  • Education & Learning

  • Exercise & Athletics

  • Healthy Adults & Aging

  • Neuropsychiatric Disorders

  • New Technologies

  • Rehabilitation

Interested in research with Lumosity? Start the application process here.

Apply

University-based researchers, industry partners, educators, clinicians, and study volunteers have joined the HCP network to understand and explore human cognitive abilities.

  • Allan, J., Thompson, A., Carlyle, M., Thomas, M., & Medalia, A. (2021). Feasibility and pilot efficacy of cognitive remediation for people in residential substance use treatment. Drug and Alcohol Review. doi:10.1111/dar.13288

    Alosco, M.L., Tripodis, Y., Baucom, Z.H., Mez, J., Stein, T.D., Martin, B., ... Stern, R. A. (2020). The Late Contributions of Repetitive Head Impacts and TBI to Depression Symptoms and Cognitions. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000010040

    Bailie, J., Westphal, A., Basham, A., Lopez, J., Caswell, M., & Babakhanyan, I. (2021). A-118 Efficacy of Computerized Cognitive Rehabilitation Programs in Treating Warfighters with a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 36(6), 1168-1168. doi:10.1093/arclin/acab062.136

    Bainbridge, K., Mayer, R.E. (2018). Shining the Light of Research on Lumosity. J Cogn Enhanc 2, 43–62. doi:10.1007/s41465-017-0040-5

    Ballard, K., Sternberg, D., Hardy, J., Scanlon, M. (2012). Training-related improvements in cognitive performance persist over time but depend on age; an online study including > 140,000 participants. Presented at the Society for Neuroscience Conference, New Orleans, LA.

    Ballard, K., Sternberg, D., Katz, B., Scanlon, M. (2012). Rates of age-related cognitive decline and training improvement depend on task modality. Presented at the Cognitive Neuroscience Society Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL.

    Ballesteros, S., Mayas, J., Ruiz-Marquez, E., Prieto, A., Toril, P., Ponce de Leon, L., ... Reales Avilés, J. M. (2017). Effects of Video Game Training on Behavioral and Electrophysiological Measures of Attention and Memory: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Research Protocols, 6(1), e8. doi:10.2196/resprot.6570

    Ballesteros, S., Prieto, A., Mayas, J., Toril, P., Pita, C., Ponce de León, L., Reales, J.M., Waterworth, J. (2014). Brain training with non-action video games enhances aspects of cognition in older adults: a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 6:277. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2014.00277

    Barker, L., & Oledzka, A. (2021). Visuospatial Executive Functions are Improved by Brief Brain Training in Young Rugby Players-Evidence of Far Transfer Test Effects: A Pilot Study. OBM Neurobiology, 5(2). doi:10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2102092

    Beishon, L., Evley, R., Panerai, R. B., Subramaniam, H., Mukaetova-Ladinska, E., Robinson, T., & Haunton, V. (2019). Effects of brain training on brain blood flow (The Cognition and Flow Study—CogFlowS): protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial of cognitive training in dementia. BMJ open, 9(5), e027817. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027817

    Beishon, L. C., Panerai, R. B., Budgeon, C., Subramaniam, H., Mukaetova-Ladinska, E., Robinson, T. G., & Haunton, V. J. (2021). The Cognition and Flow Study: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of Cognitive Training on Cerebral Blood Flow. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 80(4):1567-1581. doi: 10.3233/JAD-201444

    Bell, C. F., Warrick, M. M., Gallagher, K. C., & Baregamian, N. (2018). Neurocognitive performance profile postparathyroidectomy: a pilot study of computerized assessment. Surgery (United States), 163(2), 457–462. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2017.09.001

    Ben-Zion, Z., Fine, N.B., Keynan, N.J., Admon, R., Green, N., Halevi, M., ... Shalev, A.Y. (2018). Cognitive flexibility predicts PTSD symptoms: Observational and interventional studies. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9(OCT), 1–9. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00477

    Bennike, I.H., Wieghorst, A. & Kirk, U. (2017). Online-based Mindfulness Training Reduces Behavioral Markers of Mind Wandering. J Cogn Enhanc 1, 172–181. doi:10.1007/s41465-017-0020-9

    Castro Rojas, M. D. (2021). Barriers and supportive factors for older adults learning about and using information and communication technologies for healthy aging in Costa Rica. Educational Gerontology, 1-14. doi:10.1080/03601277.2021.1989228

    Charvet, L., Shaw, M., Dobbs, B., Frontario, A., Sherman, K., Bikson, M., ... Kasschau, M. (2018). Remotely Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Increases the Benefit of At-Home Cognitive Training in Multiple Sclerosis. Neuromodulation, 21(4), 383–389. doi:/10.1111/ner.12583

    Charvet, L., Shaw, M., Haider, L., Melville, P., & Krupp, L. (2015). Remotely-delivered cognitive remediation in multiple sclerosis (MS): protocol and results from a pilot study. Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical, 1, 205521731560962. doi:10.1177/2055217315609629

    Clark, C. M., Lawlor-Savage, L., & Goghari, V. M. (2017). Working memory training in healthy young adults: Support for the null from a randomized comparison to active and passive control groups. PLoS ONE, 12(5), 1–25. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177707

    Connor, B., Standen, P. (2012). So much technology, so little time: factors affecting use of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation following stroke. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Disability, Virtual Reality, and Associated Technologies, P.M. Sharkey, E. Klinger (Eds), 53–59, Laval, France.

    Corti, C., Poggi, G., Romaniello, R., Strazzer, S., Urgesi, C., Borgatti, R., & Bardoni, A. (2018). Feasibility of a home-based computerized cognitive training for pediatric patients with congenital or acquired brain damage: An explorative study. PLoS ONE, 13(6), 1–16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199001

    Corti, C., Urgesi, C., Poggi, G., Strazzer, S., Borgatti, R., & Bardoni, A. (2020). Home-based cognitive training in pediatric patients with acquired brain injury: preliminary results on efficacy of a randomized clinical trial. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1–15. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-57952-5

    Cristi-Montero, C., Ibarra-Mora, J., Gaya, A., Castro-Piñero, J., Solis-Urra, P., Aguilar-Farias, N., ... & Sadarangani, K. P. (2021). Could physical fitness be considered as a protective social factor associated with bridging the cognitive gap related to school vulnerability in adolescents? The cogni-action project. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(19), 10073. doi:10.3390/ijerph181910073

    D'Antonio, J., Simon-Pearson, L., Goldberg, T., Sneed, J. R., Rushia, S., Kerner, N., et al. (2019). Cognitive training and neuroplasticity in mild cognitive impairment (COG-IT): protocol for a two- site, blinded, randomised, controlled treatment trial. BMJ open, 9(8), e028536. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028536

    Dannhauser, T.M., Cleverley, M., Whitfield, T.J., Fletcher, B.C., Stevens, T., Walker, Z. (2014) A complex multimodal activity intervention to reduce the risk of dementia in mild cognitive impairment–ThinkingFit: pilot and feasibility study for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry. 2014 May 5;14(1):129. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-14-129.

    Donner, Y., Hardy, J.L. (2015). Piecewise power laws in individual learning curves. Psychomic Bulletin and Review. 1531-5320. doi:10.3758/s13423-015-0811-x.

    Finn, M., McDonald, S. (2010). Improvement in Sustained visual attention following Cognitive Training in a sample of older people with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Presented at the Australian Association of Gerontology Conference, Brisbane, Australia.

    Fine, N. B., Achituv, M., Etkin, A., Merin, O., & Shalev, A. Y. (2018). Evaluating web-based cognitive-affective remediation in recent trauma survivors: study rationale and protocol. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 9(1). doi:10.1080/20008198.2018.1442602

    Finn, M., McDonald, S. (2011). Computerised cognitive training for older persons with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot study using a randomised controlled trial design. Brain Impairment, 12(3):187–199. doi:10.1375/brim.12.3.187.

    Finn, M., McDonald, S. (2012). Two-phase computerised cognitive training: a single case study in an older person with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Presented at the International Psychogeriatric Conference, Cairns, Australia.

    Gallant, S.N., Yang, L., Wilkinson, A.J., Wilkins, L., Patel, K. (2014). Practice-related cognitive improvement in older adults: effects of a self-guided video game training pilot study. Presented at the Cognitive Aging Conference, Atlanta, GA.

    Geyer, J., Insel, P., Farzin, F., Sternberg, D., Hardy, J.L., Scanlon, M., Mungas, D., Kramer, J., Mackin, R.S., Weiner, M.W. (2015). Evidence for age-associated cognitive decline from internet game scores. Alzheimer’s; Dementia. doi:10.1016/j.dadm.2015.04.002.

    Goldin, Y., Cicerone, K.D., Ganci, K., Saldana, D. (2013). Effect of computer-based cognitive training utilization on attention networks efficiency in chronic traumatic brain injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 94(10):47–48. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2013.08.230

    Gooch, M., Mehta, A., John, T., Lomeli, N., Naeem, E., Mucci, G., ... & Torno, L. (2021). Feasibility of Cognitive Training to Promote Recovery in Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment in Adolescent and Young Adult Patients. Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology. doi:10.1089/jayao.2021.0055

    Guerra-Carrillo, B., Katovich, K., & Bunge, S. A. (2017). Does higher education hone cognitive functioning and learning efficacy? Findings from a large and diverse sample. PLoS ONE, 12(8), 1–17. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0182276

    Gyurak, A., Ayduk, O., Gross, J.B. (2010). Training executive functions: emotion regulation and affective consequences. Presented at the Determinants of Executive Function and Dysfunction Conference, Boulder, CO.

    Gyurak, A., Gross, J., Etkin, A. (2013). Cognitive-affective remediation training (CART) intervention in anxiety and depression. Presented at the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology Annual Meeting, Hollywood, FL.

    Hardy, J., Scanlon, M. (2010). Analysis of cognitive performance in worldwide sample of over 200,000 people reveals new distinctions in age-related cognitive decline. Presented at the Society for Neuroscience Conference, San Diego, CA.

    Hardy, J.L., Drescher, D., Sarkar, K., Kellett, G., Scanlon, M. (2011). Enhancing visual attention and working memory with a web-based cognitive training program. Mensa Research Journal, 42(2):13–20.

    Hardy, J., Sternberg, D., Katz, B., Ballard, K., Scanlon, M. (2012). Relationships between lifestyle factors and cognitive performance: an online study including >160,000 participants. Presented at the Society for Neuroscience Conference, New Orleans, LA.

    Hardy, J.L., Nelson, R.A., Thomason, M.E., Sternberg, D.A., Katovich, K., Farzin, F., Scanlon, M. (2015). Enhancing cognitive abilities with comprehensive training: A large, online, randomized, active-controlled trial. PLoS ONE 10(9): e0134467. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134467

    Hernández-Jaña, S., Sanchez-Martinez, J., Solis-Urra, P., Esteban-Cornejo, I., Castro-Piñero, J., Sadarangani, K. P., ... & Cristi-Montero, C. (2021). Mediation Role of Physical Fitness and Its Components on the Association Between Distribution-Related Fat Indicators and Adolescents’ Cognitive Performance: Exploring the Influence of School Vulnerability. The Cogni-Action Project. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 210. doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2021.746197

    Hooker, C.I., Carol, E.E., Eisenstein, T.J., Yin, H., Lincoln, S.H., Tully, L.M., Dodell-Feder, D., Nahum, M., Keshavan, M.S., Seidman, L.J. (2014). A pilot study of cognitive training in clinical high risk for psychosis: Initial evidence of cognitive benefit. Schizophrenia Research, 157(1):314–316. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.05.034.

    Harris, A. W., Kosic, T., Xu, J., Walker, C., Gye, W., & Redoblado Hodge, A. (2017). Web-Based Cognitive Remediation Improves Supported Employment Outcomes in Severe Mental Illness: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mental Health, 4(3), e30. doi:10.2196/mental.6982

    Hooker, C., Keshavan, M., Seidman, L. (2012). Effects of targeted cognitive training in individuals at clinical high risk [slideshow presentation]. Presented at the International Early Psychosis Meeting. Lecture conducted from San Francisco, CA.

    Humeidan, M.L., Otey, A., Zuleta-Alarcon, A., Mavarez-Martinez, A., Stoicea, N., & Bergese, S. (2015). Perioperative Cognitive Protection - Cognitive Exercise and Cognitive Reserve (The Neurobics Trial): A Single-blind Randomized Trial. Clinical Therapeutics, 37(12), 2641–2650. doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.10.013

    Humeidan, M.L., Reyes, J.C., Mavarez-Martinez, A., Roeth, C., Nguyen, C.M., Sheridan, E., ... Bergese, S.D. (2020). Effect of Cognitive Prehabilitation on the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium Among Older Adults Undergoing Major Noncardiac Surgery: The Neurobics Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Surg. Published online November 11, 2020. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2020.4371

    Ji, T., Hardy, J., Katz, B., Scanlon, M. (2011). Model successfully predicts relative degree of transfer of cognitive training under natural use conditions for a web-based training program. Presented at the Entertainment Software and Cognitive Neurotherapeutics Society Meeting, San Francisco, CA.

    Kaluszka, A., Hardy, J.L., Scanlon, M.D. (2013). Optimizing cognitive training task designs to improve learning rates in a large online population. Presented at the Society for Neuroscience Meeting, San Diego, CA.

    Katz, B., Shah, P. (2013). Socioeconomic status as a moderator of improvements in executive function following cognitive training in adolescents. Presented at the Determinants of Executive Function and Dysfunction Annual Conference, Boulder, CO.

    Katz, B., Ballard, K., Ji, T., Hardy, J. Scanlon, M. (2011). The influence of age, gender, and education on cognitive plasticity in a worldwide sample of 86,000 individuals. Presented at Entertainment Software and Cognitive Neurotherapeutics Society Conference, Los Angeles, CA.

    Katz, B., Hardy, J., Scanlon, M. (2011). Dramatic improvements in arithmetic abilities between the ages of 13 and 17 in a worldwide sample of over 440,000 adolescents and young adults playing an online game. Presented at the Learning & the Brain Conference, San Francisco, CA.

    Kerlan, K., Farzin, F., Sternberg, D.A., Katovich, K., Simone, C., Ng, N.F., Kaluszka, A., Hardy, J.L., Scanlon, M. (2014). Human cognition research on a large scale: The Human Cognition Project. Presented at the Society for Neuroscience Conference, Washington, DC.

    Kesler, S.R., Sheau, K., Koovakkattu, D., Reiss, A.L. (2011). Changes in frontal-parietal activation and math skills performance following adaptive number sense training: preliminary results from a pilot study. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 21(4):433–454. doi:10.1080/09602011.2011.578446.

    Kesler, S., Hadi Hosseini, S.M., Heckler, C., Janelsins, M., Palesh, O., Mustian, K., Morrow, G. (2013). Cognitive training for improving executive function in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer survivors. Clinical Breast Cancer, 13(4), 299–306. doi:10.1016/j.clbc.2013.02.004.

    Kesler, S., Lacayo, N., Booil, J. (2011). A pilot study of an online cognitive rehabilitation program for executive function skills in children with cancer-related brain injury. Brain Injury, 24(1):101-112. doi:10.3109/02699052.2010.536194.

    Kesler, S.R., Hadi Hosseini, S.M., Cheung, M., Pritchard-Berman, M. (2013). Influence of executive function training on prefrontal functional networks in healthy adults. Poster presented at the Society for Neuroscience satellite symposium 'The Networked Brain', San Diego, CA.

    Koorenhof, L., Baxendale, S., Smith, N., & Thompson, P. (2012). Memory rehabilitation and brain training for surgical temporal lobe epilepsy patients: a preliminary report. Seizure, 21(3), 178-182. doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2011.12.001

    La Nauze, A., & Severnini, E. R. (2021). Air Pollution and Adult Cognition: Evidence from Brain Training (No. w28785). National Bureau of Economic Research.

    Lassonde, K. A., & Osborn, R. M. (2019). Lumosity does not best classroom memory improvement strategies. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology, 5(1), 1. doi:10.1037/stl0000125

    Lathan, C., Wallace, A.S., Shewbridge, R., Ng, N., Morrison, G., & Resnick, H.E. (2016). Cognitive Health Assessment and Establishment of a Virtual Cohort of Dementia Caregivers. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra, 6(1), 98–107. doi:10.1159/000444390

    Lawlor-Savage, L.G., Goghari, V.M. (2013). Can a 15 minute online game replace a Wechsler test of intelligence? Poster presented at the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour and Cognitive Science 23rd Annual Meeting, Calgary, Alberta.

    Lawlor-Savage, L., Kusi, M., Clark, C. M., & Goghari, V. M. (2021). No evidence for an effect of a working memory training program on white matter microstructure. Intelligence, 86, 101541. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2021.101541

    Lim, D., Condon, P., & DeSteno, D. (2015). Mindfulness and compassion: an examination of mechanism and scalability. PloS one, 10(2), e0118221. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118221

    Mayas, J., Parmentier, F.B.R., Andres, P., Ballesteros, S. (2014). Plasticity of attentional functions in older adults after non-action video game training: a randomized, controlled trial. PLoS ONE, 9(3):e92269. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0092269.

    McAdams-DeMarco, M.A., Konel, J., Warsame, F., Ying, H., Fernández, M. G., Carlson, M. C., ... Segev, D. L. (2018). Intradialytic Cognitive and Exercise Training May Preserve Cognitive Function. Kidney International Reports, 3(1), 81–88. doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2017.08.006

    Mewton, L., Hodge, A., Gates, N., Visontay, R., Lees, B., & Teesson, M. (2020). A randomised double-blind trial of cognitive training for the prevention of psychopathology in at-risk youth. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 103672. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103672

    Moradi, P., Masjedi Arani, A., & Jafari, M. The Effect of Computer Games on Improving Working Memory, Visual Memory, and Control of Executive Functions amongst the Elderly in Tehran. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 0-0. doi:10.32598/ijpcp.27.2.3401.1

    Morrison, G.E., Simone, C.M., Ng, N.F., Hardy, J.L. (2015). Reliability and validity of the NeuroCognitive Performance Test, a web-based neuropsychological assessment. Frontiers in Psychology, 6:1652. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01652

    Ng, N. F., Osman, A. M., Kerlan, K. R., Doraiswamy, P. M., & Schafer, R. J. (2021). Computerized Cognitive Training by Healthy Older and Younger Adults: Age Comparisons of Overall Efficacy and Selective Effects on Cognition. Frontiers in Neurology, 11, 564317.

    Ng, N.F., Schafer, R. J., Simone, C. M. & Osman, A. M. (2020). Perceptions of brain training: Public expectations of cognitive benefits from popular activities. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14:15. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00015

    Ng, N.F., Katovich, K., Kaluszka, A., Hardy, J.L., Scanlon, M. (2014). Optimizing cognitive task designs to improve learning rates in a large online population. Presented at the Society for Neuroscience Conference, Washington, DC.

    Ng, N.F., Sternberg, D.A., Katz, B., Hardy, J.L., Scanlon, M.D. (2013). Improving cognitive performance in school-aged children: A large-scale, multi-site implementation of a web-based cognitive training program in academic settings. Presented at the Society for Neuroscience Meeting, San Diego, CA.

    O’Connor, P.J., Tomporowski, P.D., & Dishman, R.K. (2015). Age Moderates the Association of Aerobic Exercise with Initial Learning of an Online Task Requiring Cognitive Control. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 21(10), 802–815. doi:10.1017/S1355617715000685

    O’Gara, B., Marcantonio, E. R., Pascual-Leone, A., Shaefi, S., Mueller, A., Banner-Goodspeed, V., Talmor, D., & Subramaniam, B. (2018). Prevention of Early Postoperative Decline (PEaPoD): Protocol for a randomized, controlled feasibility trial. Trials, 19(1), 1–8. doi:10.1186/s13063-018-3063-z

    O’Gara, B.P., Mueller, A., Gasangwa, D.V.I., Patxot, M., Shaefi, S., Khabbaz, K., ... & Subramaniam, B. (2020). Prevention of early postoperative decline: a randomized, controlled feasibility trial of perioperative cognitive training. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 130(3), 586-595. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000004469

    Olfers, K.J.F., Band, G. (2015). Game-based training of mental flexibility: ERPs suggest a forward shift of control during task switching. Presented at the Entertainment Software and Cognitive Neurotherapeutics Society Meeting, San Francisco, CA.

    Rattray, B., Smee, D. (2013). Exercise improves reaction time without compromising accuracy in a novel easy-to-administer tablet-based cognitive task. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 16(6):567–570. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2012.12.007.

    Rattray, B., & Smee, D.J. (2016). The effect of high and low exercise intensity periods on a simple memory recognition test. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 5(3), 342–348. doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2015.01.005

    Rhodes, R., Katz, B. (2014). Effects of spacing and individual differences on learning a working memory task. Presented at the Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention, San Francisco, CA.

    Richards, A., Inslicht, S. S., Metzler, T. J., Mohlenhoff, B. S., Rao, M. N., O’Donovan, A., & Neylan, T. C. (2017). Sleep and cognitive performance from teens to old age: More is not better. Sleep, 40(1). doi:10.1093/sleep/zsw029

    Richards, A., Kanady, J.C., Huie, J.R., Straus, L.D., Inslicht, S. S., Levihn-Coon, A., ... Neylan, T.C. (2019). Work by day and sleep by night, do not sleep too little or too much: Effects of sleep duration, time of day and circadian synchrony on flanker-task performance in internet brain-game users from teens to advanced age. Journal of Sleep Research, April, 1–11. doi:10.1111/jsr.12919

    Ruiz-Marquez, E., Prieto, A., Mayas, J., Toril, P., Reales, J.M., & Ballesteros, S. (2019). Effects of Nonaction Videogames on Attention and Memory in Young Adults. Games for Health Journal, 8(6), 414–422. doi:10.1089/g4h.2019.0004

    Rutherford, T., Lee, D.S., Schenke, K., Chang, A., Tran, C., Young, N.S., Conley, A.M., Martinez, M.E. (2013). Brain Boost: Randomized trial of a program to enhance intelligence in elementary and middle school. Poster presented at the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, CA.

    Scanlon, M., Rothstein, J. (2008). Large-scale assessment of cognitive performance and plasticity. Presented at the Cognitive Neuroscience Society Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA.

    Schneider, S., Abeln, V., Popova, J., Fomina, E., Jacubowski, A., Meeusen, R., Struder, H.K. (2013). The influence of exercise on prefrontal cortex activity and cognitive performance during a simulated space flight to Mars (MARS500). Behavioural Brain Research, 236(1):1–7. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.08.022.

    Schofield, H., Kopsic, J., Loewenstein, G., Volpp, K. (2012). Comparing individual vs. social incentives: motivating completion of cognitive exercises. Presented at the Fourth Biennial Conference of the American Society of Health Economists. Lecture conducted from Minneapolis, MN.

    Schofield, H., Loewenstein, george, Kopsic, J., & Volpp, K.G. (2016). Comparing the effectiveness of individualistic, altruistic, and competitive incentives in motivating completion of mental exercises. Physiology & Behavior, 176(1), 139–148. doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2015.09.007

    Shaw, M., Pilloni, G., & Charvet, L. (2020). Delivering Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Away from Clinic: Remotely Supervised tDCS. Military Medicine, 185, 319–325. doi:10.1093/milmed/usz348

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